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Drug Drug addiction is a complex illness. The path to drug addiction How can we tell if someone is abusing or addicted to
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Substance is often taken in larger amounts or over longer period than intended Persistent desire or one or more unsuccessful efforts to cut down |
or control substance use A great deal of time is spent in activities necessary to get the |
substance (e.g., theft), taking the substance (e.g., chain smoking), or recovering from its effects Important social, occupational, or recreational activities given |
up or reduced because of substance abuse Continued substance use despite knowledge of having a persistent |
or recurrent social, psychological, or physical problem that is caused or exacerbated by use of the substance Marked tolerance: need for markedly increased amounts of the |
substance (> 500/ increase) in order to achieve intoxication or desired effect, or markedly diminished effect with continued use of the same amount Characteristic withdrawal symptoms |
Substance often taken to relieve or avoid withdrawal symptoms |
Frequent intoxication or withdrawal symptoms when expected to |
fulfill major role obligations or when use is physically hazardous
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A maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to clinically
significant impairment or distress as manifested by three (or more) of
the following, occurring at any time in the same 12-month period:
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Substance is often taken in larger amounts or over longer period than intended Persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control |
substance use A great deal of time is spent in activities necessary to obtain |
the substance (e.g., visiting multiple doctors or driving long distances), use the substance (e.g., chain smoking), or recover from its effects Important social, occupational, or recreational activities given |
up or reduced because of substance abuse Continued substance use despite knowledge of having a persistent |
or recurrent psychological, or physical problem that is caused or exacerbated by use of the substance Tolerance, as defined by either:
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Withdrawal, as manifested by either:
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International Classification of Diseases
Three or more of the following must have been experienced or
exhibited at some time during the previous year:
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Difficulties in controlling substance-taking behavior in terms of its onset, termination, or levels of use A strong desire or sense of compulsion to take the substance |
Progressive neglect of alternative pleasures or interests because |
of psychoactive substance use, increased amount of time necessary to obtain or take the substance or to recover from its effects Persisting with substance use despite clear evidence of overtly |
harmful consequences, depressive mood states consequent to heavy use, or drug related impairment of cognitive functioning Evidence of tolerance, such that increased doses of the |
psychoactive substance are required in order to achieve effects originally produced by lower doses A physiological withdrawal state when substance use has ceased or |
been reduced, as evidence by: the characteristic withdrawal syndrome for the substance; or use of the same (or a closely related) substance with the intention of relieving or avoiding withdrawal symptoms
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